Nutrients

**What is a nutrient?** a substance that's in foods to help your body. **List the nutrients and describe the following things about each nutrient:** Fats Vitamins Minerals Protein Carbohydrates Water **What is their main job? Some nutrients are broken down into 'sub groups'. Make sure you include these.** Water:transports nutrients Carbohydrates: supply the body with energy. Simple-Carbohydrates and Complex-Carbohydrates Protein: helps with growth and development.Complete and Incomplete Proteins Fat: aids with brain development, helps with growth and energy. Saturated, Polyunsaturated, Monounsaturated, and Trans-Fatty Acids. Vitamins: Vitamins come in two categores: fat-soluble and water-soluble. Vitamins are organic substances. Their function is to support growth and to boost the immune system. Minerals: Minerals are inorganic substances. This means they come mainly from the soil and are absorbed. Minerals also support growth and boost the immune system.
 * (Block 2)**

**What foods do we eat that contain a large amount of each nutrient? (Block 1)** Water: watermelon Carbs: Spaghetti Protein: steak Fat: butter Vitamins: orange juice Minerals: milk **How many calories per gram do proteins, fats, and carbohydrates supply?** Protein: 4 grams __per calorie__ Fats: 9 grams __per calorie__ Carbs: 4 grams __per calorie__ Mrs. Burke

**(Block 2)**  Block 1: 45%-65% should come from carbs. 20-35% should come from fat. 10%-35% should come from protiens Block 2:75-90% of your diet should be from protein, fats, and carbs. **Cholesterol. What are the important facts about cholesterol? How does this relate to one's diet?** Block 1: Cholesterol is a wavy substance made in the body from by thhe liver. Helps to make vitamin D and hormones, build cell walls and helps in digestion. This relate's to one's diet because too much cholesterol can lead to heart disease. Block 2:Your body makes its own cholesterol, so any cholesterol you intake from other foods like meats and dairy products is extra. This extra cholesterol gets into the arteries and clogs them up. To avoid this, you should keep your daily intake to below 300 milligrams per day. To do this, emphasize fruits and vegetables in your diet and limit animal products (less then 6oz). **Fiber. What are the important facts about fiber? How is fiber related to nutritional needs?** Block 1:Fiber is a special kind of carb that helps with digestion. Fiber makes food more satisfying and helps to keep blood sugar balanced. Fiber also gets broken down in the colon which creates acids that help to fuel the body. Block 2:There are two types of fiber; soluble and insoluble. Insoluble fiber is important because it relieves and prevents constipation. You can get this from vegetables, wheat bran, and other whole-grain foods. Soluble fiber helps improve cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Oats, dried beans, and a few fruits like apples and oranges will help you get the recommended daily intake of soluble fiber. Women should get about 21-25 grams of fiber while men should receive over 30 grams per day (30-38g). **View the website [|www.americanheart.org]. Click on the Bad Fats Brothers and the Better Fats Sisters. Take the Fats IQ Quiz. Summarize the information that you found.** Block 1:there are many different kinds of fats. Their are some good fats and alot of bad fats. Block 2: There are four types of fats: trans fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fats, and polyunsaturated fats. Trans fat and saturated fat are bad for you, while the unsaturated fats are good for you. Trans fat can come from fried foods (in oil)-, while saturated fat is found in meat and dairy products (animals).
 * What % of your diet should come from the three main nutrients?**